Nepal ofrece un terreno de pruebas ideal debido al fuerte apoyo gubernamental a la agricultura climáticamente inteligente, una gran población de pequeños agricultores vulnerables y la participación activa de organizaciones como el Centro de Investigación sobre la Resiliencia Climática (CRRC) y el Centro Internacional para el Desarrollo Integrado de las Montañas (ICIMOD). Los resultados de esta viabilidad respaldarán los objetivos de las políticas nacionales y podrán extenderse a regiones montañosas similares del sur de Asia.

Este proyecto se centra en el distrito de Syangja, en la provincia de Gandaki, que se enfrenta a una creciente escasez de agua y a precipitaciones impredecibles, especialmente en las explotaciones agrícolas de ladera que dependen del riego por manantial y de la agricultura de secano. Estas condiciones hacen inviable el riego tradicional y crean la necesidad de soluciones de baja presión, asequibles y adaptables localmente. El pulverizador inteligente combina un hardware práctico con una herramienta digital de asesoramiento para optimizar el uso limitado del agua: una innovación frugal adaptada a las necesidades de los pequeños agricultores.

El proyecto implica la viabilidad de un sistema de riego integrado y de bajo coste «Smart Sprayer» basado en SOSIA pero adaptado a la agricultura de ladera que ofrece consejos prácticos de riego por WhatsApp/SMS. La principal innovación es el pulverizador inteligente, un dispositivo de riego de micropivote de baja presión alimentado por gravedad que se combina con una herramienta de riego inteligente adaptada. La plataforma digital ofrece asesoramiento diario sobre riego basado en datos a los teléfonos de los agricultores. Juntos, ofrecen un paquete escalable y rentable para un uso preciso y eficiente del agua en explotaciones situadas en laderas remotas.

El objetivo principal es mejorar la seguridad hídrica y la productividad agrícola de los pequeños agricultores de media montaña durante la estación seca en Nepal. Más concretamente, demostrar la viabilidad técnica, económica y social de una solución de riego de baja presión en combinación con el asesoramiento sobre riego basado en datos de teledetección y previsiones meteorológicas. Esto incluye la investigación de mercado y el desarrollo de casos de negocio tanto para los agricultores como para los proveedores locales.

SOSIA combina las características de los cultivos, los campos y el riego con datos de estaciones meteorológicas y satélites para ofrecer su servicio de asesoramiento sobre riego

El enfoque de FutureWater y Galayr es a la vez científicamente riguroso y contextualmente sólido, garantizando que el modelo de sequía desarrollado sea relevante a nivel local, sostenible y esté plenamente integrado con los sistemas nacionales existentes, como los de SODMA y NADFOR. El modelo combina enfoques descendentes (basados en datos, utilizando el aprendizaje automático) y ascendentes (informados por las partes interesadas), combinando datos de satélite, índices climáticos y conocimientos indígenas para desarrollar conjuntamente predicciones basadas en el impacto y desencadenantes consensuados para la acción anticipatoria.

Para el desarrollo de modelos de predicción de sequías y la transferencia de conocimientos, nos centramos en los siguientes pilares:

  • Un plan de trabajo por fases que incluya evaluaciones de la capacidad institucional, desarrollo de modelos, validación, consultas a las partes interesadas y desarrollo de capacidades prácticas.
  • Aplicación de modelos avanzados de predicción, desde ARIMA y regresión hasta técnicas más avanzadas de aprendizaje automático, sin perder de vista la facilidad de uso y la adopción institucional.
  • Un fuerte énfasis en la transferencia de conocimientos, incluyendo programas de formación y el establecimiento de una plataforma colaborativa de intercambio de conocimientos utilizando la plataforma FutureWater Academy
  • Un sólido plan de gestión de riesgos, que incluya estrategias de mitigación de la escasez de datos, la participación de las partes interesadas y el desgaste institucional.

Estamos mejorando la herramienta WE-HARP: Evaluación Hidrológica basada en WEAP para Permisos de Recursos Hídricos, que conecta la base de datos de permisos con una interfaz para la evaluación de nuevas licencias de aguas superficiales.

To ensure effective implementation, FutureWater will maintain continuous engagement with ARA-Sul, providing technical support and collecting feedback through online sessions. This collaboration will help address challenges in system integration, troubleshoot issues, and refine functionalities. A significant component of this phase is the development of a comprehensive user manual and training materials, including PowerPoint slide decks, to guide ARA-Sul staff in effectively utilizing the tool for water licensing assessments. By embedding the tool within ARA-Sul’s operations, FutureWater aims to enhance decision-making capabilities and streamline the management of water resources in the region.

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) launched the Asia-Pacific Water Scarcity Program (WSP) to help countries across the region address the increasing challenges of water scarcity. The program aims to promote sustainable water use and support economic productivity despite growing water constraints.

Mongolia’s inclusion in the WSP presents a valuable opportunity to strengthen its water management capabilities. By applying proven methodologies and resources, the program will enhance the capacity of Mongolia’s Water Resource Ministries and River Basin Organizations (RBOs) to tackle the country’s unique water challenges effectively.

To demonstrate the effectiveness of Water Accounting for improved water management under a changing climate, FutureWater, with FAO’s support, is conducting a Water Accounting assessment for Mongolia’s two key river basins—the Tuul and Orkhon. Using cutting-edge techniques and tools, this initiative will provide critical insights to support sustainable water allocation and long-term resilience.

To this end, FutureWater, in collaboration with unique land use GmbH and the Central Himalayan Rural Action Group, is conducting a training program on Springshed Management in four states, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh India. The program aims to equip the local stakeholders with practical tools and best practices for managing springshed and springs in the region. The key beneficiaries of these trainings are the forest departments of these four states under the Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Climate Change (MoEF&CC). Funded by GIZ India, these trainings will covers key topics, including:

  • Concepts of springs and springshed management protocols and best practices
  • Hydro-geological data collection during a field expedition
  • Springshed mapping
  • Connecting forest ecosystem services to water resources

For the first round of training the consortium will start training with the Uttarakhand Forest Department (UKFD) in Dehradun, India. This initiative aims to strengthen sustainable water management practices and safeguard these critical water sources for future generations.

Graphical User Interfaces are available for QGIS but only for SPHY v2.0 at the moment. This project will upgrade these plugins in order to make them compatible with the latest versions of SPHY (v3.0 and v3.1), QGIS and Python available. The updated plugins will also incorporate the additional functionalities to process state of the art new data sources as inputs.

As SPHY is used by FutureWater in several capacity building programs, our aim is to make the access to the data and the model as easy and intuitive as possible. With updated QGIS Plugins, no programming skills will be required to run the model, so a broader audience can use SPHY for their own purposes.

More information can be found at the SPHY website.

Increasing water scarcity continues to threaten the agricultural sector in Asia. To address this critical issue, FAO and its partners have been developing a comprehensive Asia-Pacific Water Scarcity Programme (WSP) since 2019. The program aims to assess the ongoing issue of water scarcity in the region, evaluate potential management options, and assist partner countries in implementing adaptive management in the agricultural water sector using innovative tools and approaches.

Addressing the issue of water scarcity requires a sound understanding and development of water accounts to ensure evidence-based decision-making for equitable use and allocation of water resources under a changing climate. To achieve this, a comprehensive hands-on training program on water accounting will be developed and implemented across four countries: Indonesia, Lao PDR, Vietnam, and Thailand. In collaboration with the Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (RAP) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), FutureWater will design and deliver the water accounting training program. This program aims to not only improve participants’ understanding of water accounting but also enable them to use modern and innovative tools to develop water accounts, with a particular focus on quantifying linkages between field interventions and basin-scale hydrology.

Participants will work with tools such as REWAS and Follow the Water (developed by FutureWater in collaboration with FAO) to conduct water accounting in agricultural systems at different scales. Through the use of these tools, participants will be able to estimate real water savings at system and basin scales and analyze the impact of different irrigation schemes on the overall water availability in the system. Moreover, participants will also learn how to access and extract remotely sensed datasets to assess the status of the water resources in the Nam Ngum pilot basin.

Urban flood management in Laos is typically based on a limited, hard infrastructure approach. With the aim to shift this paradigm towards an integrated approach that enhances climate resilience, the project “Building resilience of urban populations with ecosystem-based solutions in Lao PDR” was approved by the Green Climate Fund Board in November 2019 with a GCF grant of US$10 million. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) serves as the Accredited Entity for the project. Activities are executed by the State of Lao PDR through the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) as well as UNEP. The project is implemented across five years (2020-2025) covering four provincial capitals in the country: Vientiane, Paksan, Savannakhet, and Pakse.

One component of the project involves technical and institutional capacity building to plan, design, implement and maintain integrated urban Ecosystems-based Adaptation (EbA) interventions for the reduction of climate change induced flooding. As a part of Integrated Climate-resilient Flood Management Strategy (ICFMS) development, the project conducts hydrological, hydraulic and climate risk assessments to inform climate change adaptation solutions for risk reduction in Vientiane, Paksan, Savannakhet and Pakse.

A consortium of FutureWater, Mekong Modelling Associates (MMA) and Lao Consulting Group (LCG) was contracted by MONRE to implement the related activities. FutureWater leads and coordinates this assignment and contributes remote sensing analyses with state-of-the-art innovative tools, climate risk assessments, and training activities. To ensure sustainability and effective technology transfer, the modelling and mapping infrastructure and trained staff will be hosted within MONRE and a knowledge hub that is established within the National University of Laos.

 

Within the project we cooperate with the hydrologists of ARA-Norte to discuss and establish the baseline for a water system analysis in the Monapo Catchment. Following discussion and mapping sessions, FutureWater is developing a Water Allocation Model in WEAP that includes climate change scenarios and mitigation and adaptation measures to asses the water availability of the catchment. Part of the assignment includes continuous training to local professional, to ensure the application of the developed model in the analysis of the system and elaborating specific proposal for implementation in the region.

Groundwater availability is critical to the Umbeluzi Catchment. Currently, there is a need for a simple tool that can asses the availability of resources in the ground.

This especially to asses the permits for groundwater extractions. It is expected that a simplified modelling approach can provide a trend analysis sufficient for the water authorities in Mozambique to perform assessments of the sub-surface water availability. Furthermore, the water availability will be assessed for current and future conditions, under different scenarios of climate change and demand increase.

Within the project, FutureWater will develop a groundwater model in WEAP, using the Strategic Model previously build for the Umbeluzi catchment. To this end a detailed data gathering activity will take place proceed by developing the model. We aim to validate and improve the model with measurements available of groundwater levels in the catchment. The model will be validated with the technical team of ARA-Sul. Ultimately, a dedicated training session for ARA-SUl will ensure that model operation is performed by local experts.